Evaluation of IoT-Based Smart Disaster Alert Systems in Sokoto North LGA, Sokoto State
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- NGN 5000
Background of the study:
Disaster management is an increasingly critical component of urban planning, particularly in regions prone to natural calamities and other emergencies. In Sokoto North LGA, Sokoto State, communities are vulnerable to disasters such as floods, fires, and severe weather conditions, necessitating the development of robust early warning systems. Traditional disaster alert systems, often reliant on manual reporting and outdated communication networks, fail to provide timely warnings and coordinated responses. IoT-based smart disaster alert systems offer a transformative solution by integrating a network of sensors, real-time data analytics, and automated communication channels to detect and alert communities about impending disasters (Ibrahim, 2023). These systems continuously monitor environmental parameters such as rainfall intensity, river levels, and seismic activity, transmitting this data to centralized hubs where predictive algorithms assess risk levels. The rapid dissemination of alerts via mobile applications, sirens, and digital signage enables communities to take precautionary measures promptly (Abdulrahman, 2024). Furthermore, the integration of IoT technology facilitates coordinated responses among emergency services, local authorities, and residents, enhancing the overall resilience of the region (Suleiman, 2025). The adoption of smart disaster alert systems in Sokoto North LGA not only improves the speed and accuracy of emergency responses but also contributes to long-term risk mitigation strategies. By providing continuous, real-time monitoring and predictive insights, these systems empower communities to better prepare for and respond to disasters, ultimately reducing the loss of life and property.
Statement of the problem:
Communities in Sokoto North LGA face significant risks from disasters due to the inadequacies of traditional alert systems that do not provide real-time monitoring or timely notifications (Bello, 2023). The reliance on manual reporting and outdated communication channels results in delayed responses, leaving residents with insufficient time to evacuate or secure property. This gap in early warning capabilities exacerbates the impact of disasters, leading to higher casualties and greater economic losses. The absence of integrated, automated monitoring systems further complicates coordinated efforts among emergency services, as data is often fragmented and inaccessible in critical moments (Umar, 2024). Financial constraints and limited technical infrastructure also hinder the adoption of advanced alert technologies. Therefore, there is a pressing need for an IoT-based smart disaster alert system that can provide continuous environmental monitoring, real-time data analysis, and rapid dissemination of warnings. Such a system would enable local authorities and emergency services to act swiftly and effectively, minimizing the overall impact of disasters and enhancing community resilience (Okoro, 2025). Without the implementation of these modern technologies, Sokoto North LGA will continue to face challenges in mitigating disaster risks and ensuring public safety.
Objectives of the study:
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To design an IoT-based smart disaster alert system for real-time environmental monitoring.
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To evaluate the system’s effectiveness in improving disaster preparedness and response.
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To propose recommendations for integrating IoT-based alert systems into local emergency management frameworks.
Research questions:
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How effective is the IoT-based disaster alert system in providing timely warnings?
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What impact does real-time monitoring have on improving disaster response in Sokoto North LGA?
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How can IoT technology be integrated with existing emergency services to enhance overall disaster management?
Significance of the study:
This study is significant as it explores the potential of IoT-based smart disaster alert systems to revolutionize emergency management in disaster-prone regions. The findings will provide crucial insights for policymakers and emergency responders, facilitating improved warning mechanisms, better-coordinated responses, and ultimately, enhanced public safety and community resilience in the face of disasters.
Scope and limitations of the study:
This study is limited to the evaluation of IoT-based smart disaster alert systems in Sokoto North LGA, Sokoto State. It does not extend to other IoT applications in disaster management or other regions.
Definitions of terms:
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IoT (Internet of Things): A network of interconnected devices that enable real-time data collection and communication.
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Smart Disaster Alert System: A technology-driven system that uses sensors and data analytics to provide timely disaster warnings.
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Disaster Alert: The notification provided to communities regarding imminent or ongoing disasters to prompt early action.
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